အဂၤလိပ္စာတြင္ ကံ ( ၃) မ်ိဳး

 Objects are a necessary grammatical component for students to understand if they are to develop proficiency in constructing meaning at the sentence level. Objects are a part of the sentence predicate, so they could be incorporated into lessons that deal with this sentence component.

(1) Direct Objects တိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္

Of the three main types of objects, the first one that students typically learn to identify is the direct object. Direct objects receive the action of the verb (specifically, the transitive verb) in the sentence. The subject of the sentence does something directly to the direct object (hence the name direct object). In the following examples below, the direct object of the sentence is highlighted in bold

အဂၤလိပ္စာမွာ ကံပုဒ္လို႔ေခၚတဲ႔ ( object) (၃) ျပထားပါတယ္။

နံပါတ္(၁)   တိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္ ပထမဦးဆံုးၾကိယာ၏ 

လွဳတ္ရွားမွဳကိုတက္ရိုက္လက္ခံရရွိတဲ႔ပုဒ္ကို

(Direct Object) လို႔ေခၚပါတယ္။

In terms of function, whatever the subject of the above sentence does (threw, kicked, signed, wrote, and invented) it does to the direct object (the rock, the ball, the Declaration of Independence, Native Son, and the light bulb).

In terms of position in the sentence, the direct object is typically placed directly after the transitive verb unless the sentence contains an indirect object.

 ဒီအျပဳအမူအားလံုးမွာ၊ စာေၾကာင္းတစ္ေၾကာင္းရဲ႕

ကတၱားဟာ ဘာပဲလုပ္လုပ္၊ ဒီကတၱားရဲ႕ၾကိယာက 

တိုက္ရိုက္ထိေတြ႔ေနတဲ႔ကံပုဒ္၊ 

(တနည္းအားျဖင္႔ တိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္) လို႔ေခၚပါတယ္။

(2) Indirect Objects တဆင္႔ခံကံပုဒ္

Indirect objects are included in sentences when the subject of the sentence does something to something or someone else. Not all action verbs can take an indirect object. Again, like the name suggests, indirect objects involve something being done to something else indirectly. The indirect object of the following sentences is highlighted in bold:

နံပါတ္(၂)  တဆင္႔ခံကံပုဒ္ဟာ စာေၾကာင္းတစ္ေၾကာင္းရဲ႕ကတၱားပုဒ္ တစ္စံုတစ္ခုျပဳလုပ္တဲ႔အခ်ိန္သို႔မဟုတ္ တစ္စံုတစ္ေယာက္ ျပဳလုပ္တဲ႔အခ်ိန္မွာ တိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္မ်ားပါဝင္ပါတယ္။ ျပဳမူလွဳတ္ရွားတဲ႔ၾကိယာအားလံုးဟာ တိုက္ရုိက္ကံပုဒ္ကိုမလုပ္ေဆာင္နိုင္ပါဘူး။ ေနာက္တဖန္ အၾကံေပးတယ္ဆိုတဲ႔နာမည္လိုပဲေပါ႔။ တိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္ဟာ တစ္စံုတစ္ခုကတစ္စံုတစ္ခုကိုျပဳလုပ္တဲ႔ေနရာမွာတိုက္ရိုက္အားျဖင္႔လည္းပါဝင္ပါတယ္။

Notice that, in terms of position, the indirect object comes between the direct object and the action verb in the above sentences.

In terms of function, if the indirect objects were removed, the sentences would still make sense. However, the reader wouldn't know who or what the action was intended for.

 ဒါကမွတ္သားစရာပါ။ ဒီလုပ္ေဆာင္မွဳမွာ တဆင္႔ခံကံပုဒ္ဟာ စာေၾကာင္းေတြထဲမွာတိုက္ရိုက္ကံပုဒ္ႏွင္႔ ျပဳလုပ္တဲ႔ၾကိယာတို႔မွ ဆင္းသက္လာပါတယ္။ တဆင္႔ခံကံပုဒ္ကိုျပန္ထုတ္ပါယ္ခဲ႔ရင္ေတာင္မွ စာေၾကာင္းက အဓိပၸါယ္ရွိေနဆဲပါပဲ။ ဘယ္လိုပဲျဖစ္ျဖစ္ေပါ႔၊  ျပဳလုပ္မွဳက ဘယ္သူ၊ဘယ္ဟာကို ရည္ရြယ္သလဲဆိုတာကိုစာဖတ္သူသိခဲ႔မွာမဟုတ္ပါဘူး။

 (3)Objects of Prepositions ဝိဘတ္ကံပုဒ္

Objects of prepositions are often confused with direct objects because they also receive the action of the subject. However, the crucial difference is that the object of a proposition occurs after a preposition. In the following examples, the objects of the prepositions are in bold and the prepositions are underlined:

 နံပါတ္(၃) ဝိဘတ္ကံပုဒ္ ဆိုတာ ပါဠိစကားတစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါတယ္၊၊ ျမန္မာလိုလည္းသိဖို႔လိုပါေသးတယ္။ ဝိဘတ္ဆိုတာ ျမန္မာလိုေျပာမယ္ဆိုရင္ အထူးအားျဖင္႔ေနရာကိုညႊန္ျပတဲ႔စကားလံုးပါ။ ကံပုဒ္ဆိုတာကိုေတာ႔အေပၚမွာျပခဲ႔ပါျပီ။ ဝိဘတ္ကံပုဒ္ႏွစ္ခုကိုေပါင္းစပ္ထားတာကို 
( Object of the Preposition ) လို႔ေခၚတာပါ။

The objects of the prepositions above receive the action of the subject in the sentences, yet they need a preposition for the sentence to make sense. For example, We talked the war is ungrammatical. For students to correctly identify this type of object, they will need to be able to identify prepositions.

 စာေၾကာင္းတစ္ေၾကာင္းမွာ အေပၚကေျပာခဲ႔တဲ႕ ဝိဘတ္ကံပုဒ္ရ႕ဲ အျပဳအမူကိုလက္ခံရရွိပါတယ္။ အဲ႔ဒါေၾကာင္႔ ဝိဘတ္ကံပုဒ္ကို စာေၾကာင္းေတြအတြက္ အဓိပၸပါယ္ရွိေအာင္သူတို႔ကလိုအပ္တာပါ။